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Written by Paul
Dr Paul Manktelow is a vet who’s worked for almost 20 years on the front line in some of the UK’s busiest veterinary hospitals. As Chief Vet in the Charity Sector, he leads a team of vets and nurses that treat thousands of pets every year. Paul also appears regularly in the media as a TV and radio presenter, writer, public speaker and podcast producer.
If you own a large dog, you’ve probably heard it before, “big dogs don’t live as long”.
It’s a hard truth for many owners – but why is it the case?
Size Makes a Difference
Small breeds like Chihuahuas and Dachshunds can live 15-17 years or more. Medium breeds like Border Collies or Beagles tend to average 13-14 years. Larger breeds like Labradors often only reach 11-13 years, and giant breeds like Great Danes or Irish Wolfhounds rarely make it into double digits.
The Science Behind It
The reason comes down to biology. Larger dogs produce more of a growth hormone called IGF-1, which drives rapid growth when they’re young. But that fast growth also accelerates the ageing process and increases the risk of diseases like cancer, arthritis, and organ failure.
Smaller dogs, on the other hand, grow more slowly and their bodies put less strain on themselves over time.
Breed Matters Too
It isn’t just about size. Certain breeds are genetically predisposed to live longer. Dachshunds and Jack Russell Terriers are consistently at the top of the charts, while Bernese Mountain Dogs and Irish Wolfhounds are often at the bottom.
Mixed-breed dogs also tend to live one or two years longer than purebreds, thanks to a more diverse genetic pool.
What This Means for Owners
Understanding these differences can help you plan your dog’s care.
If you have a large or giant breed, you might need to start senior check-ups by the time they’re six or seven. Small breeds may not reach that stage until they’re ten or eleven.
Knowing where your dog is in their life stage means you can adapt their diet, exercise, and preventative care – and give them the best chance of a long, healthy life.
The Exceptions
There will always be dogs who break the mould. Bluey, an Australian Cattle Dog, held the record for decades after living to 29 years. In 2023 – Bobi, a Portuguese Rafeiro do Alentejo, broke that record by living an incredible 31 years and 165 days.
These dogs are rare, but they prove how much genetics, environment, and great care can influence a dog’s lifespan.
Listen for More
I explore this topic in my latest episode of The Consult Room: How Old Is Your Dog in Human Years? Why the 7-Year Rule Is Wrong.
🎧 Listen to the episode here:
